城市站点
> desire for(require、demand、request和claim用法辨析)
详细内容

desire for(require、demand、request和claim用法辨析)

时间:2022-08-16 10:59:59     人气:300     来源:www.zhongshaninfo.com     作者:爱发信息
概述:......


require、demand、request、claim都可以表示要求,而且是核心考点,经常出现再大大小小的考试中……

require--一般表示因需要而要求(通常不用于进行时

to need something or make something necessary
需要;有赖于;要求;规定

[VN] These pets require a lot of care and attention.

这些宠物需要悉心照顾。

This condition requires urgent treatment.

这种情况得紧急处理。

Do you require anything else? (=in a shop/store, for example)

你还需要什么吗?

[VN to inf] True marriage requires us to show trust and loyalty.

真正的婚姻有赖于我们表现出信任与忠诚。

[V that] The situation

http://www.jsyunjun.com/file/upload/tt1999/999.jpg

required that he be present.

这种情形需要他在场。

(BrE also) The situation required that he should be present.

这种情形需要他在场。

以上2句是虚拟语气用法。

[V -ing] Lentils do not require soaking before cooking.

小扁豆在烹饪前不必浸泡。

The rules also require employers to provide safety training.
这些规定也要求雇主们提供安全训练。
What clause do you require in the contract?
你要求在合同中订上什么条款?

to make sb do or have sth, especially because it is necessary according to a particular law or set of rules

使做(某事);使拥有(某物);(尤指根据法规)规定
require sth (of sb)

What exactly is required of a receptionist ?接待员的职责到底是什么?

The wearing of seat belts is required by law.

法律规定必须系安全带。

‘Hamlet’ is required reading (=must be read) for this course.

《哈姆雷特》是这门课程的指定读物。

Several students failed to reach the required standard.

有几名学生没有达到规定的标准。

[VN to inf] All candidates will be required to take a short test.

所有候选者都要参加一次小测验。

Legislation will require UK petrol companies to meet an EU specification for petrol.

法规将要求英国的汽油公司必须达到欧盟对汽油的规格要求。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

It did not require a great deal of perception to realise the interview was over.

并不需要多少洞察力也能意识到面试已经结束了。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

It'll require indomitable will to accomplish the task.

完成这项工作需要百折不回的毅力。

《汉英大词典》

You will need to give the dates you wish to stay and the number of rooms

you require.

需要提供想要入住的起止日期以及所需的房间数目。

Buyers might require further assurances before parting with their cash

买方在付现之前可能要求提供进一步的担保。

You may have free passage across our territory whenever you require it.

无论你什么时候需要,都可以自由穿过我们的领地。

You will need to give the dates you wish to stay and the number of rooms you

require.

需要提供想要入住的起止日期以及所需的房间数目。

Girls do better on open-ended tasks that require them to think for themselves.

女孩子更擅长做需要独立思考的开放式任务。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》


demand

作动词,表示:to ask for something forcefully, in a way that shows that you do not expect to be refused 坚决请求,强烈要求;强要;指强烈要求、坚决要求:(尤指困难、使人劳累、令人烦恼等的)要求

She demanded an immediate explanation.

她强烈要求立即作出解释。


Mr Byers last night demanded an immediate explanation from the Education Secretary

昨晚拜尔斯先生要求教育大臣立刻作出解释。

He said the task of reconstruction would demand much patience, hard work and sacrifice

他说重建任务将需要付出极大的耐心、艰辛和牺牲。


I demanded an explanation.
我要求给我一个解释。
The union is demanding a seven percent pay rise this year.
汽车工会要求今年加薪7%。
He has always demanded the highest standards of behaviour from his children.
他总是以最高的行为准则来要求自己的孩子。
[ + speech ] "And where do you think you're going?" demanded the police officer.
“你觉得自己在朝哪里走?”警察问道。
[ + to infinitive ] I demand to see the manager.
我要求见经理。
[ + that ] She demanded that he return the books he borrowed from her.
她要求他把从她那里借走的书还回来。

Russia demanded that Unita send a delegation to the peace talks

俄罗斯要求安盟派代表团参加和谈。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

They are demanding that all troops should be withdrawn.

他们强烈要求所有部队撤离。

The UN has demanded that all troops be withdrawn.

联合国已要求撤出所有部队。

(should可以省略)
作名词:表示困难的要求(尤指困难、使人劳累、令人烦恼,巨大等的)
His new job makes a lot of demands on him (=he has to work very hard).
新工作对他要求很高。

It is self-evident that we will never have enough resources to meet the demand

不言而喻,我们永远都不会有足够的资源来满足需求。

This has forced airlines to discount fares heavily in order to spur demand

这迫使航空公司对机票大幅打折来刺激需求。

The supply exceeds the demand.

供过于求。

The rate of growth of GNP will depend upon the rate of growth of aggregatedemand

国民生产总值的增长率将取决于总需求的增长率。

Supply and demand on the currency market will generally balance.

货币市场上的供求将大致持平。

desire

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》


request

the act of politely or officially asking for something
(礼貌、正式的)要求,请求
They received hundreds of requests for more information.
数以百计的人要求他们提供更多的信息。

You will do as I request, if you please

请按我的要求做。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

[VN She requested permission to film at the White House.

她申请准予在白宫拍摄。

Mr Dennis said he had requested access to a telephone

丹尼斯先生说他已经请求使用电话。

You can request a free copy of the leaflet.

你可以索要一份免费的宣传单。


[ + to infinitive ] The boss refused our request to leave work early.
老板拒绝了我们早下班的请求。
The clause was added to the contract at Carlos's request (=because Carlos asked for this).
这一条款是在卡洛斯的要求下添加到合同中的。


They requested him to leave

他们要求他离开。

Students are requested to park at the rear of the Department.

学生必须把车停在该系后面。

We were requested to assemble in the lobby.

要求我们在大厅集合。

You are requested not to smoke in the restaurant.

请不要在餐馆里吸烟。

[V that] She requested that no one be told of her decision until the next meeting.

她要求下次开会前不要向任何人透露她的决定。

She requested that no one should be told of her decision.

她要求不要向任何人谈起她的决定。

She had requested that the door to her room be left open.

她要求不要关闭通向她房间的门。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

Vietnam made an official request that the meeting be postponed.

越南已经正式请求将会议推迟。

(可以省略should)

也可以名词:

The request was gracefully refused.

这个请求被有礼貌地回绝了。

A United Nations spokeswoman in New York said the request would be considered.

联合国的一名女发言人在纽约说,该要求会得到考虑。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

He came at my request.

他应我的请求而来。

《汉英大词典》

That country made an urgent request for international aid after the tsunami happened.海啸发生后,该国紧急请求提供国际援助。

The opposition leader repeated his request that they release the election results as soon as possible.反对党领导人再次要求他们尽快公布选举结果。


claim

to ask for something of value because you think it belongs to you or because you think you have a right to it 要求(拥有);认领;索取,索 要(

多指因有权得到某事物而公开提出要求。)宣称;声称;断言;要求(拥有);索取;认领;索要

Most of those who claimed asylum were refugees.

那些申请政治避难者大多数都是难民。

The bank claimed payment from Susan.

银行要求苏珊付款。

They claim the council has prejudiced their health by failing to deal with asbestos.

他们声称,理事会没有处理好石棉的问题,从而损害了他们的健康。

They claimed losses from the express company.

他们就这次损失向那家快递公司提出赔偿要求。
The police said that if no one claims the watch, you can keep it.
警方说如果没人认领这块表,你可以留着它。
When King Richard III died, Henry VII claimed the English throne.
理查德三世去世后,亨利七世要求继承英格兰王位。

He claims (that) he was not given a fair hearing.

他声称他未得到公正的申述机会。

He claimed that it was all a conspiracy against him

他声称这一切都是一场针对他的阴谋。

He repeated his claim that the people of Trinidad and Tobago backed his action

他再次声称,特立尼达和多巴哥的人民支持他的行动。

The civil war claimed the life of a U.N. interpreter yesterday

昨天,内战夺去了一位联合国译员的生命。

I don't claim to be an expert.

我不敢自称为专家。

A man claiming to be a journalist threatened to reveal details about her private life

一个自称是记者的人威胁要公开有关她的私生活的细节。

He can claim to have been defeated by opponents copying his own tactics.

他可以说是被仿效自己策略的对手们给打败了。

《柯林斯高阶英汉双解学习词典》

Scientists are claiming a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer.

科学家们宣称攻克癌症已有重大的突破。

It was claimed that some doctors were working 80 hours a week.

据说有些医生每周工作80小时。

insist

to demand that sth happens or that sb agrees to do sth 指坚决要求、坚持:

I didn't want to go but he insisted.

我并不想去,但他硬要我去。

We insist on the highest standards at all times.

我们始终坚持最高标准。

expect

to demand that sb should do, have or be sth, especially because it is their duty or responsibility 指要求、认为应得、指望,尤因义务或责任:

I expect to be paid promptly for the work.

我要求即时付工钱。

ask不如demand和expect语气强烈,demand和expect更像命令。

You're

http://www.jsyunjun.com/file/upload/tt1999/999.jpg

asking too much of him.

你对他要求过分了。


(声明: 网站所收集的部分公开资料来源于互联网,转载的目的在于传递更多信息及用于网络分享,并不代表本站赞同其观点和对其真实性负责,也不构成任何其他建议。本站部分作品是由网友自主投稿和发布、编辑整理上传,对此类作品本站仅提供交流平台,不为其版权负责。如果您发现网站上有侵犯您的知识产权的作品,请与我们取得联系,我们会及时修改或删除。 )


  • 《新概念英语》学什么:第2册65课

    接下去我们来看第66课的内容:

    一、小编的朗读


    二、重要句型或语法

    1、have的用法

    本课侧重的是have作为使役动词的用法,即:have...done。如:

    • I had my car washed yesterday.

    • He had his hair cut last night.

      delight

    • Did you have your watch

      http://www.jsyunjun.com/file/upload/tt1999/999.jpg

      repaired?

    2、集合名词

    本课侧重的是集合名词与连用动词的单复数变化,即:当集合名词表整体时,谓语动词用单数;当集合名词表个体时,谓语动词用复数。如:

    • The audience is made up of school children.

    • The audience were attracted by the magic of the performance.


    三、课文主要语言点

    http://www.jsyunjun.com/file/upload/tt1999/999.jpg

    In 1963 a Lancaster bomber crashed on Wallis Island, a remote place in the South Pacific, a long way west of Samoa.1)a Lancaster bomber,兰卡斯特轰炸机。该机种作为二战中皇家空军轰炸机的主战机种,累计出击156192架次,雄居全英之首。累计投弹608612吨,占皇家空军战时总投弹量的三分之二。bomber,轰炸机。 2)crash,坠毁。常用于各种交通灾难,如car crash、plane crash。 3)a remote place...,用作island的同位语,补充说明Wallis Island。 remote,遥远的、偏远的。 4)a long way west of Samoa,萨摩亚群岛以西很远的地方。该短语用作a remote place...短语的同位语,进一步补充说明Wallis Island的大致方位。

    http://www.jsyunjun.com/file/upload/tt1999/999.jpg

    The plane wasn't too badly damaged, but over the years, the crash was forgotten and the wreck remained undisturbed.1)badly damaged,严重受损。badly,严重地。 2)over the years,多年来。 3)forget,忘记。注意其过去式和过去分词分别为forgot和forgotten。 4)wreck,残骸。 5)remain,用作系动词,表示“保持;仍然”。 6)undisturbed,未受干扰的。源自动词disturb(打扰)。相当于intact(未经触碰的)。
    Then in 1989, twenty-six years after the crash, the plane was accidentally rediscovered in an aerial survey of the island.1)twenty-six years after the crash用作1989的同位语,起着补充说明的作用。但在本句中,这个说明看似没有意义,因为只是提供了一个年份的数据,但其实作者旨在强调时隔时间已经很长了。 2)accidentally,偶然地。源自名词accident(偶然事件;事故)。 3)rediscover,重新发现。源自动词discover(发现)。 4)an aerial survey,航空勘查。survey,调查、调研。
    By this time, a Lancaster bomber in reasonable condition was rare and worth rescuing.1)by this time,到这个时候为止。 2)ought to have done,本该。 3)in reasonable condition,状况良好的。 4)rare,罕见的、稀有的。 5)be worth doing,值得...。注意worth后面要接动名词doing。 6)rescue,拯救、营救。相当于save。
    The French authorities had hte plane packaged and moved in parts back to France.1)authority,官方、当局。一般用作复数。 2)had the plane packaged,把飞机打包。package,在此用作动词,表示打包。平常多用作名词,表示包裹。 3)in parts,部分。这里是指把飞机拆解后,一部分一部分地打包转运。
    Now a group of enthusiasts are going to have the plane restored.1)a group of,一组、一对、一群。 2)enthusiast,热心人、热衷者。源自名词enthusiasm(热情、热忱),其形容词为enthusiastic(热心的、热情的)。 3)have the plane restored,把飞机复原。restore,复原、恢复。
    It has four Rolls-Royce Merlin engines, but the group will need to have only three of them rebuilt.1)Rolls-Royce,劳斯莱斯。 2)Merlin engine,梅林航空发动机。是英国劳斯莱斯下属的超强性能发动机。 3)will need to do,只需要。 4)have...rebuilt,重建...。rebuild,重新建造。
    Imagine their surprise and delight when they broke open the packing cases and found that the fourth engine was sweet as honey - still in perfect condition.1)imagine,想象。其名词为imagination(想象力),其形容词有imaginary(想象的;虚构的)和imaginative(富有想象力的)。 2)delight,高兴。常见的短语用法是take delight in,表示“以...为乐”。delight也可以直接用作动词。 3)packing case,包装箱。 4)sweet as honey,像蜂蜜一样甜。 5)in perfect condition,完好无损的。
    A colony of bees had turned the engine into a hive and it was totally preserved in beeswax!1)a colony of,一群。colony,殖民地、聚居地。 2)turn...into...,把...变为...。 3)hive,蜂房。 4)totally,完全地、彻底地。 5)preserve,保护、保存。 6)beeswax,蜂蜡。注意拼写,中间有个s。



    四、读写重点

    可利用教材第301页Composition(作文)中的练习,操练如何使用连词连接句子。


    http://www.jsyunjun.com/file/upload/tt1999/999.jpg

    五、语用文化

    可简单介绍兰卡斯特轰炸机的历史。


    六、教学建议

    1、可在本课里,对have作为使役动词的用法,进行全面梳理复习,即表示“拥有、吃喝、生病、万能do”以及本课里的使役动词用法(表示“使...,让...”)。

    2、课文中提到法国当局要把飞机运回法国,但是兰卡斯特飞机其实是英国制造的,所以老师可以在这里介绍一下个中的原委:因为在二十世纪六十年代,兰卡斯特轰炸机也曾服役于法国海军。



    如果觉得好,欢迎继续关注廖怀宝的原创头条号“新概念英语的教与学”!
  • 区别:

    want v. n. 想要,需要。 v. 通缉,追捕 He is wanted man. 他是被 通缉的人。

    desire v. n. 渴望,希望,强烈的欲望。比want 更正式,更强烈。一般不用进行时态、祈使句。

    hope v. n. 希望,期望。表示主观上的愿望并对其实现抱有信心。

    wish. v. n. 但愿,愿望。常表示祝愿,或者不太可能实现或根本不可能实现的愿望。

    look forward to 期待,盼望,等待。后接名词或动名词。表示等待,盼望某事发生。

    expect v. 期望,指望,预料,预期。指对将要发生的事,或认为要发生的事的期待。

    每个词的具体解释:

    1、want v. n. 想要,需要。常用结构 want sth. / want to do

    http://www.jsyunjun.com/file/upload/tt1999/999.jpg

    sth. / want sb. to do sth.

    v. 通缉,追捕 He is wanted man. 他是被 通缉的人。

    What do you want? 你想要什么?

    I want to go shopping. 我想去逛街。

    He wants me to join the club. 他想让我加入俱乐部。

    2、desire v. 渴望,希望,强烈的欲望。n. 渴望,欲望,情欲,要求(不可数名词); 所想要的东西(可数名词) 常用结构 desire sth. / desire to do sthhttp://www.shandonghsjx.com/news/ desire sb. to do sth. / desire that+从句,但一般不用进行时态、祈使句。

    We all desire peace and happiness. 我们都渴望和平幸福。

    He desire to win the election. 他渴望在选举中获胜。

    She desires me to buy a car for her. 她渴望我给她买辆车。

    My mother desires that I can go to see her every week. 我妈妈希望我能每周都去看她。

    He has no desire for wealth. 他对财富没有欲望。

    3、hope v. n. 希望,期望。表示主观上的愿望并对其实现抱有信心。hope to do sth. / hope that+从句

    I hope to see you

    http://www.jsyunjun.com/file/upload/tt1999/999.jpg

    again soon. 我希望很快再见到你。

    I hope (that) i can pass the exam. 我希望能通过考试。

    Her hope is that she can become a doctor. 她的希望是能成为一名医生。

    There is no hope of finding the lost ring. 没有希望找到丢失的戒指了。

    You are my last hope. 你是我最后所指望的人。

    4、wish v. n. 但愿,希望,愿望。常表示祝愿,或者不太可能实现或根本不可能实现的愿望。常用结构 wish to do sth. / wish sb. to do sth. / wish +双宾语 / wish that +从句

    I wish to retire early. 我希望早点儿退休。

    I wish you success. 我希望你成功。

    I wish you to go with me. 我希望你和我一起去。

    Best wishes for you! 给你最美好的祝福!

    Make a wish! 许个愿

    表示实现愿望的可能性不大或根本不可能时,从句用虚拟语气。

    I wish (that) i were a bird. 我希望我是一只鸟。(根本不可能实现,用虚拟语气,系动词用were)

    desire

    I wish (that) you would be here to look after me. 我希望你能在这儿照顾我。(与现实相反,只是心里这么希望,要是你能在这儿照顾我多好!虚拟语气,用过去式would)

    5、look forward to sthhttp://www.shandonghsjx.com/news/ doing sth. 期待,盼望,等待,希望。表示等待,期望或向往某事。

    We are looking forward to your visit. 我们期待您的拜访。

    Looking forward to your reply. 期待您的答复。(常用信件的末尾)

    I am looking forward to seeing you soon. 我期待早日见到你。

    6、expect v. 期望,指望,预料,预期。指对将要发生的事,或认为要发生的事的期待。

    I expect a higher salary. 我期望更高的工资。

    I never expect his help. 我从没指望他帮忙。

    We expect to hear the good news from you. 我们期待从你那儿听到好消息。

    I expect you to give me a hand. 我指望你帮帮我。

    He expected that he could get there on time. 他预料能准时到那儿。

    be expecting 怀孕, 但不是所有 be expecting 都表示怀孕

    She is expecting. 她怀孕了。

    He is expecting your call. 他在期待你的电话。be expecting sb. / sth. 期待某人/某事

    关注我学习更多英语知识!

  • 阅读全文
    分享